Plasticizers (softeners) are softening substances which reduce the intensity of intermolecular interaction and increase the mobility of polymer chains. As a result lower glass transition temperature, hardness, strength and increased flexibility of polymer is achieved . Plasticizers also act as an internal lubricant.
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Plasticizers are also often used when pozzolanic ash is added to concrete to improve strength. This method of mix proportioning is especially popular when producing high-strength concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete. Adding 1-2% plasticizer per unit weight of cement is usually sufficient.
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Plasticizers are the most common additives used in the plastics industry. But, selecting the right plasticizer for an application has always been a daunting task. Become an expert by learning the detailed knowledge on plasticizer additives.
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The internal plasticization of PVC by displacement of chlorine with phthalate-based thiol additives, that is, the covalent attachment of the plasticizer to the PVC chain, is described for the first time. Using this methodology, a good plasticization efficiency is achieved although flexibility is reduced compared with that of commercial PVC−phthalate systems. However, the migration is ...
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Plasticizers may comprise 15–50% of a PVC formulation. By changing type and amount of plasticizer, properties can be tailored to requirements. Increasing plasticizer concentration increases flexibility, decreases tensile strength, and reduces hardness (e.g., Figure 1). PVC itself does not readily burn, but the addition of plasticizer ...
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EU is the largest exporter of chemical products. Looking at the major international players in chemicals trade, the EU-27 headed the list in 2019 with a total trade of EUR 528 billion, which consisted of EUR 333 billion of exports and EUR 195 billion of imports, thus recording the highest trade surplus ( EUR 138 billion) as shown in Figure 3.
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For both types, although more pronounced for internal plasticizers, a strong temperature dependence of material properties is observed. The benefit of using external plasticizers, compared to internal ones, is the chance to select the right substance depending on the desired product properties [22] .
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Plasticizers contribute 10-60% of total weight of plasticized products. More recently in Europe and the US, regulatory developments have resulted in a change in phthalate consumption, with the higher phthalates (DINP and DIDP) replacing DEHP as the general purpose plasticizer of choice because DIDP and DINP were not classified as hazardous.
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Compounds of adipates, palmitates, sebacates and stearates are used as lubricants and plasticizers for many types of plastics, including PVC and engineering plastics. Di-octyl adipate is a low viscosity plasticizer with excellent processing characteristics and outstanding low temperature performance, in PVC-coated fabrics, wire insulation ...
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Export trading companies. An ETC facilitates the export of domestic goods and services. Like an EMC, an ETC can either act as the export department for producers or take title to the product and export for its own account. Therefore, the terms ETC and EMC are often used interchangeably.
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